are hosts of these fruit fly species, then regulatory procedures would need to be developed in countries of citrus production where these fruit fly species are present in order to minimize the risk of introducing these fruit flies during export of fruits to areas where they are not established. Both these species have expanded their ranges far beyond Southeast Asia into some Pacific Islands 4, 5 and into the African continent. is less clear for other tephritid fruit fly species, such as melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Cocquillett), and Bactrocera latifrons (Hendel). Although some tephritid fruit fly species, like Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), and Oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), can be major pests of Citrus spp., 2, 3 the host status of Citrus spp. fruits can be subject to infestation by a range of different tephritid (Diptera: Tephritidae) fruit fly species. 1 Throughout their geographic range of distribution, Citrus spp. (Rutaceae family) are believed to be native to tropical and subtropical regions of Southeast Asia, but are now widely cultivated throughout the tropics and subtropics. cucurbitae, including heat and cold treatments and systems approaches, are discussed.Ĭitrus spp.

infestation suggest that risk mitigation of Citrus spp.

Limited cage infestation and only a single literature report of field Citrus spp. cucurbitae readily infested intact and punctured tangerines, and to a lesser extent punctured oranges, but did not infest intact oranges. Clementine), but eggs rarely developed to the adult stage. latifrons oviposited into intact and punctured Washington navel oranges ( Citrus sinensis Osbeck) and Clementine tangerines ( C. In no choice cage infestation studies, B.

fruits is unclear for two tephritid fruit fly species whose geographic ranges have expanded in recent years: melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Cocquillett), and Bactrocera latifrons (Hendel). fruits may require risk mitigation measures if grown in areas with established tephritid fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) populations capable of infesting the fruits.

Clementine v tangerine